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Sandworm: Trojanized KMS Activator to DcRAT operation cover
AdvancedSIEMXDRFirewallPRO

Sandworm: Trojanized KMS Activator to DcRAT

A staff member at the energy provider Ridna Energo downloaded a free Microsoft KMS activation tool that turned out to be trojanized. Within minutes it dropped the BACKORDER loader, disabled Defender, proxy-loaded the DcRAT implant through rundll32, and opened an encrypted channel to a single anonymizing C2 node. Reconstruct the full espionage intrusion, from the lure download through credential theft, lateral movement, and exfiltration over command-and-control, across endpoint, network, and perimeter telemetry.

2h 5m
10 tasks
150 points
Pro

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Investigation Tasks

Complete each task by investigating alerts and submitting your findings.

1

Open the investigation

0

A workstation at Ridna Energo tripped an EDR alert for an unsigned DLL loaded by rundll32 that then beaconed to external infrastructure. You have SIEM, XDR, and perimeter firewall telemetry for the day. Orient yourself before you start pivoting.

2

Trace the delivery channel

30

The intrusion began with something the user chose to download. Before tracing execution, establish where the initial binary came from.

Hint available
3

Fingerprint the initial payload

35

The downloaded executable was run by the user and kicked off the rest of the chain. Identify it by its cryptographic hash so it can be blocked and hunted across the fleet.

Hint available
4

Recover the dropped loader

35

The activator did not act alone. It used a scripting interpreter to write a second-stage loader to disk. Name that loader file.

Hint available
5

Find the persistence mechanism

35

To survive a reboot, the operator scheduled the implant to relaunch automatically. Identify the scheduled task they registered.

Hint available
6

Fingerprint the implant

40

The persistence and C2 both point at one DLL loaded through a trusted Windows binary. Identify that implant by its SHA-256 hash.

Hint available
7

Locate the command-and-control node

40

The implant established an outbound channel to operator infrastructure that fronts an anonymizing proxy. Identify the domain it beaconed to.

Hint available
8

Identify the lateral-movement account

35

From the beachhead, the operator reached a second host using a credential that should never have been present on a staff workstation. Identify that account.

Hint available
9

Confirm the exfiltration path

35

Before the alert fired, a large volume of data left the beachhead. Determine where it went and how the operator avoided creating a new, more visible channel.

Hint available
10

Classify the proxy-execution technique

30

The implant ran through a trusted, signed Windows binary rather than as its own process. Map that execution method to its MITRE ATT&CK identifier.

Hint available

10 tasks · 315 points total

Training Tools

Skills You'll Build

Investigate realistic security alerts
SIEM log analysis
XDR log analysis
Firewall log analysis
MITRE ATT&CK® technique identification
Triage decisions: escalate, investigate, or close
Evidence collection and documentation
Job-ready incident response methodology
Advanced

Complex multi-stage investigations. Realistic noise, ambiguous indicators, lateral movement.

Prerequisites

  • Basic understanding of security alerts
  • Experience with log analysis tools
  • Familiarity with SIEM concepts
  • Familiarity with XDR concepts
  • Familiarity with Firewall concepts

Ready to investigate?

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